In a significant move to advance the nation’s clean energy goals, the U.S. Senate has overwhelmingly approved legislation designed to revitalize and modernize the country’s nuclear energy sector. The bill passed with strong bipartisan support in an 88-2 vote and now heads to the president’s desk for final approval.
The newly passed legislation combines nuclear energy reforms with the reauthorization of programs that support the U.S. Fire Administration and local fire departments. This package is expected to streamline the process of launching new nuclear projects while supporting critical emergency services across the country.
One of the bill’s primary objectives is to accelerate the approval timeline for constructing new nuclear power plants, especially as many older reactors near retirement. The measure reduces licensing fees for power companies and instructs the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to identify ways to make environmental review processes more efficient.
“This legislation helps expand our options to meet growing energy demands while addressing climate challenges,” said White House National Climate Advisor Ali Zaidi.
Senator Shelley Moore Capito noted the bill’s forward-looking focus, particularly in supporting the development of small modular reactors (SMRs), a newer, more flexible form of nuclear technology. “This is about the future of nuclear,” Capito told reporters. “We need to be ready.”
Experts in the energy sector believe the legislation will help simplify regulatory pathways, making it easier for the industry to develop clean, reliable power solutions. Lesley Jantarasami, managing director of the Bipartisan Policy Center’s energy program, stated, “It’s a facilitator of the process by which industry gets approvals to build projects. That efficiency matters.”
Nuclear energy currently provides about 20% of the electricity generated in the United States. Supporters of the bill highlight the importance of this power source, noting that nuclear plants produce electricity without emitting carbon or air pollutants. With energy demand on the rise and environmental concerns growing, many believe nuclear energy can play a vital role in a diverse and resilient power grid.
However, the measure has also sparked discussion among safety advocates. Some experts caution that changing the NRC’s mission to avoid “unnecessary” regulation may raise questions about safety oversight. Edwin Lyman, director of nuclear power safety at the Union of Concerned Scientists, warned that certain provisions could limit the NRC’s ability to strengthen safety standards. “The intention may be efficiency, but it’s important to ensure safety remains a top priority,” he said.
Despite concerns, the bill has received widespread support in both chambers of Congress. In the House of Representatives, it passed by a vote of 393-13, with only a few lawmakers expressing reservations.
As of August 2023, the United States had 93 nuclear reactors operating at 54 facilities across 28 states. These plants have consistently supplied around one-fifth of the country’s electricity for over three decades. Globally, the U.S. remains the leading producer of nuclear power, with France ranking second in capacity and boasting the highest percentage of electricity generated by nuclear—approximately 68%.
Looking ahead, the newly passed legislation may serve as a catalyst for a new era of nuclear innovation in the U.S., helping meet growing power needs while supporting low-emission energy solutions.